Facts of the Pre-Historic Predator Hyaenodon

Name: Hyaenodon (Greek for hyena tooth); pronounced hi-YAY-no-don Habitat: Plains of North America, Eurasia, and Africa Historical Epoch: Late Eocene-Early Miocene (40-20 million years ago) Size and Weight: Varies by species; about one to five feet long and five to 100 pounds Diet: Meat Distinguishing Characteristics: Slender legs; large head; long, narrow, tooth-studded snout About Hyaenodon The unusually long persistence of Hyaenodon in the fossil record--various specimens of this prehistoric carnivore have been found in sediments dating from 40 million to 20 million years ago, all the way from the Eocene to the early Miocene epochs--can be explained by the fact that this genus comprised a large number of species, which ranged widely in size and enjoyed a nearly worldwide distribution. The largest species of Hyaenodon, H. gigas, was about the size of a wolf, and probably led a predatory wolf-like lifestyle (supplemented with hyena-like scavenging of dead carcasses), while the smallest species, the appropriately named H. microdon, was only about the size of a house cat. You might assume that Hyaenodon was directly ancestral to modern wolves and hyenas, but youd be wrong: the hyena tooth was a prime example of a creodont, a family of carnivorous mammals that arose about 10 million years after the dinosaurs went extinct and went extinct themselves about 20 million years ago, leaving no direct descendants (one of the biggest creodonts was the amusingly named Sarkastodon). The fact that Hyaenodon, with its four slender legs and narrow snout, so closely resembled modern meat-eaters can be chalked up to convergent evolution, the tendency for creatures in similar ecosystems to develop similar appearances and lifestyles. (However, bear in mind that this creodont didnt much resemble modern hyenas, except for the shape of some of its teeth!) Part of what made Hyaenodon such a formidable predator was its almost comically oversized jaws, which had to be supported by extra layers of musculature near the top of this creodonts neck. Like roughly contemporary bone-crushing dogs (to which it was only distantly related), Hyaenodon would likely snap the neck of its prey with a single bite, and then use the slicing teeth in the back of its jaws to grind down the carcass into smaller (and easier to handle) mouthfuls of flesh. (Hyaenodon was also equipped with an extra-long palate, which allowed this mammal to continue breathing comfortably as it dug into its meal.) What Happened to Hyaenodon? What could have edged Hyaenodon out of the spotlight, after millions of years of dominance? Thebone-crushing dogs referenced above are possible culprits: these megafauna mammals (typified by Amphicyon, the bear dog) were every bit as lethal, bite-wise, as Hyaenodon, but they were also better adapted for hunting scurrying herbivores across the wide plains of the later Cenozoic Era. One can imagine a pack of hungry Amphicyons denying a Hyaeonodon its recently killed prey, thus leading, over thousands and millions of years, to the eventual extinction of this otherwise well-adapted predator.

Religion in Colonial America Essay - 1520 Words

Religion was the foundation of the early Colonial American Puritan writings. Many of the early settlements were comprised of men and women who fled Europe in the face of persecution to come to a new land and worship according to their own will. Their beliefs were stalwartly rooted in the fact that God should be involved with all facets of their lives and constantly worshiped. These Puritans writings focused on their religious foundations related to their exodus from Europe and religions role in their life on the new continent. Their literature helped to proselytize the message of God and focused on hard work and strict adherence to religious principles, thus avoiding eternal damnation. These main themes are evident in the writings of†¦show more content†¦(Winthrop, 2008) This passage shows how Christ set the example for all to follow by giving his life for us and that if these people coming to the world would follow Christ’s pattern, they in turn could be an example to others one day. John Winthrop was a true leader who understood that the difficulties the new world would present could be overcome through Christian Charity. As such he was able to organize a community based on religious convictions that would motivate people to work as one to succeed. Cotton Mathers 1663-1728 Cotton Mather was remembered as one of the most influential Puritan ministers of his time. Mather set the moral tone in the colonies and led the charge for 2nd and 3rd generation Puritans to get back to the theological roots of Puritanism that were held by the earlier generation settlers. From an early age much was expected of Mather. He was the son of Increase Mather who had achieved much success as a minister and the President of Harvard. Although Mather didnâ€⠄¢t follow in his father’s footsteps as a political leader, or by becoming the president of Harvard, Mather was known for his knack for recording history. By the end of his life he had contributed more than 400 pieces of work on various subjects (Walker,Show MoreRelatedThe Impact of Religion on the Development of Colonial America1030 Words   |  5 PagesCompare the ways in which religion shaped the development of colonial society (to 1740) in TWO of the following regions: New England Chesapeake Middle Atlantic The Impact of Religion on the Development of Colonial America During the seventeenth century, colonial America was welcoming many newcomers, several from England. Quantities of these newcomers were seeking land for economic purposes as others were longing for religious toleration. Many of the English colonists settled inRead MoreShaping Colonial America Essay887 Words   |  4 PagesMany different things affected the shaping of colonial America in the new world. Factors such as colonialism, geography, and religion affected the way North America was formed and dictated how other people look at colonial America. 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Metaphysical Poetry by Carlos Daniel Cervantes

Metaphysical Poetry by Carlos Daniel Cervantes-Perez Essay The Five Metaphysical Elements By Carols Daniel Perez God Speaking On Nature I am God, the maker of nature. I formed it all from mountains to creatures. I will only speak on nature alone, Because is what I have made my own. Nature is rather strong. Nature is rarely wrong. It can be ugly beauty, But provides fruit thats fruity. Nature is unanimously smart. And always has the greater part Nature is always true Nature is the color of sky blue Nature Is forest green, It Is every color possibly seen. Nature Is as bright as the sun beaming, It Is as wonderful as a child dreaming. Nature Is In every place. It Is always a spot of grace. Nature Is every bird that flew, Nature Is even YOU. Nature yet includes ME. Nature will forever be free. Why is it that some people in the states dont know him? When many here go to church, praise, and sing hymns. L, myself, feel like Im not sure who He is. I hope this is a colossal quiz. So now I feel the need to search. A good way to see is through the church. I repeatedly hear that he is love, Then why isnt he here, instead above. Why did he give the option of sin? So now I live accompanied by burden within. Why does it seem as if he left us alone? When not many new miracles have been shown. Why are there many religions for choice? If it should be only his that we must to rejoice. If anyone can reply my questions, aid me with faith! To a degree become wisely bathed, In order to reach angel SST. Gabrielle gate I understand that with God, I shall walk straight. I didnt write this poem to be poetic But to seriously find hope in the one they call heroic. Ambitions of a Lordlier My classy brown lordlier, I love it when I get inside her. When I put the key in the ignition, To ride is her longing ambition. The art of love is extremely proper, because of that, My love for the vehicle cant be offered. Her compressed hydraulics makes her Jump, And she goes crazy when gas is pumped. I press the pedal to go quick ahead, Then her exhaust sound wakes the dead. We ride for hours, till she gets dirt-muddy. So we approach a carcass, to get her non-cruddy. Her trunk is as enormous as a walk-in closet So thats when I go behind to close it. Shes years older than me, But manages to work herself perfectly. She also looks like a foreign vehicle, But was made a China classical. To keep that lordlier clean, it is a must. I never knew a car could be my love. This lady traveled and became a poor immigrant. Native and proud to be Mexican. Who knew her youngest son would someday be president, And will lead all Americans. He is a rose that grew from concrete. His looks arent the best, but are handsomely neat. He literally has twelve siblings, All healthy and still living He barely discovered his long-gone father Wondering where his dad vanished, it really bothered. He stood straight, chin up, with a firm look Still willing to accomplish the dreams he took. He is seventeen years of age, a teenager barging into the young adult stage. Born in Fresno, California in the year of 1992, Still growing, now knowing what to do. Who is He? That person is me. TWENTY LINE SONNET Were forced to came and become learners Though its my most hated loving passion, Were pushed to reach further and further. Only if they knew my brains a learning ration. So I want to prove a point to this guy, Just to let him know that hes been instructing right. Now what is metaphysical poetry? It was famously adopted in the 17th Century. Samuel Johnson contributed with the name .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 , .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 .postImageUrl , .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 , .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645:hover , .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645:visited , .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645:active { border:0!important; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645:active , .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645 .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u76e5dbe78ff61caac4761c51ac1b8645:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Definition of the Lyric EssayYet growing threw poetry in the sasss, he gained fame Another forefather of this writing was John Done, Born in 1573 however during 1631, he was gone. Metaphysical poetry can be classified as a characteristic style Its highly intellectual and has philosophical usage which makes it sort of guile And features intensive use of ingenious conceits and turns of wit Therefore this style of writing will never quit. I hope Vive prove my learning session And let this poem be a metaphysical possession How is it that I hate studying but love learning? Well that doesnt matter as long as knowledge is my earnings.

The Airline Company Mergers

Questions: 1. Briefly discuss three major challenges arose after the merger.2. How much money did the new merged airlines expect to save per year? To which of the Porters generic strategies does this relates?3. What problems had the merged airline had recently? Is there any positive news?4. Discuss briefly the united Continentals must know targets for future efficiency gain. Answers: Introduction United and Continental airline in 2011, merged to form the largest airline. The deal costs 3 billion dollars according to the individuals who were briefed on the negotiations. The deal would form the form a cost to the coast behemoth with a leading presence in the domestic markets (Clark, 2015). The following information relates to the case study on the airline company merger. The description is based on the case study. 1. The challenges that arose from the merger are: there was a challenge of integrating both of the airlines flight information systems , establishing both of the airlines passengers information systems as well as reconciling on both of the air carriers speedup slowdown algorithm .Integrating on the flight information systems on United and continental was a strategic challenge (Gaughan, 2010).The worry on the issue was that the information could turn out to be corrupted in the course of the process of integration of the two systems, which results in loss of important flight information for example flight figures, location of plane and destination. The approach to the problem was incorporate the united flight data system Unimatic that was capable of handle the scale of the combined fleet of the airline than Continental system. On the passenger information systems challenge it was divided between the two airlines databases. The integration team had not integrate on the two databases and also the airlines web sited and the loyalty programs (Terry, Carey and Callan, 2001). The solution to the challenge was to adopt on the continentals passenger service regarded as shares. The last challenge was speedup algorithms the significant problem for the air carriers is conversing to the pilots once they might accelerate, or maybe decelerate as well as take a different route. Each of the airline employed distinct algorithm to determine when the plane might go quicker to make up for the overdue period (Gaughan, 2010). The group created another algorithm which merged on the best element for each of the airlines. 2. The merger between the two companies is expected annual cost saving of about one billion to 1.2 billion dollars. This is remarkable since the flights would still fly to 370 cities in the fifty nine countries. The strategy to which this relates is on the rivalry among the existing competitors (Henrickson and Wilson, 2016). The two companies have been a major competitor to each other in the airlines industry. As a result of merging they have combined on their resources to form one stronger entity. This helps to gain on the wide market share, growth as well as reduce on competition. Further, there is the applicability of the bargaining power of the buyers that could be related to the situation above (Terry, Carey and Callan, 2001). Previously the buyers had a wider variety of the airline to choose from, since they have merged they have limited chooses to choice. The cost exhibited from one on the price of the ticket, and the operation cost have been reduced significantly from the mer ge since there are no competitors to set new prices. 3. The United and the Continental merger has become one example of how the mergers could turn to be very complex and it requires more time to stabilize than it was initially expected. One of the problem with the merger it took more than two year to get an operating certificate. In any business that was in operation and it suddenly recess it becomes a hard challenges since the loyal clients may opt for other alternatives (Nolan, Ritchie and Rowcroft, 2014). There are also problems of union negotiations. Even after four years of negotiation the cabin crew and the mechanics work separately in different information technology systems. The reason as to what caused on this was differences in the labor contracts between the united and the continental along with the majority of the workers belonging to the unions. There are also problems of deterioration of the customer service. The company faces the challenge of integrating on the reservation system after the merger took place (Terry, Carey and Callan, 2001). United to some extent has been charged 3.5 million dollars last year for delaying of more than nine thousand refund requests from the passengers. This issues has resulted due to the delay to backlog which was created as a result of merger. 4. Fuel Cost Reduction which is to Account for the 50% of UALs two Billion Cost Reduction Target. United bears the largest cost structure compared to their competitors. The other rivals have experienced decrease in their cost per accessible seat mile. The United cost have seen their cost increase to 15.1 cents in 2013 from previous 14.9 the previous year. However, United has a cost reduction plan in order to achieve the target (Nolan, Ritchie and Rowcroft, 2014). This is through saving of one billion dollars fuel consumption, one hundred million maintenance saving, five hundred million saving in productivity and two hundred and fifty in sourcing of the cost and optimizing on the channels of distribution. Future Plan for the United to Improve on Operations United airline generally operates in a highly competitive market. Most of the operations as well as competitors are usually in the USA. There is a good reason to use improvement of the cost effectiveness and also profitability (Iatrou and Oretti, 2016). The united upcoming target aims to build up on the financial position in reducing cost by two billion dollars in 2017, generating of the ROIC at least by ten percent, and reduction of debt as well as generating cash to pay shareholders. Discussion of Porters competitive and strategies for combating the forces to the united airline merger. Threat of new entrants: The merger between these United and Continental will help eliminate any new entrant in the market. Previously these companies were competitors hence when they merged they took a wider market share and eliminated most of the competitors who want to venture the market. Rivalry amongst the competitors: with joining of resources of two giant airline you eliminate rivalry between them. The airline joins their resources to gain a more competitive advantages over the rival competitors. Bargaining power of the buyers: the customers previously could choose from the variety on the flight they took based on the price on which was cheaper, having a merger limit them to have fewer choices and hence they are forced to take the available flight (Terry, Carey and Callan, 2001). Additionally, the merge the United could set their own price without worrying rivals. Bargaining power of suppliers: The suppliers of the aircraft and the aircraft engines and even the air craft gates at the airport previously had a lot of clout in that they bargained away with most of the profits (Iatrou and Oretti, 2016). The aspect of merger in the airline industry helped these companies to cut down on the cost of acquiring on the aircraft and other supplies. Substitutes of products or services: the threats of the substitutes in the industry meant the two airlines could not overcharge since the consumers would go for the cheaper alternative (Beynon-Davies, 2013). As a result of the merge the companies could set on their own price without worrying of the rival airline. They become the price setters. References Beynon-Davies, P., 2013. Business information systems. Palgrave Macmillan. Clark, M.T., 2015. Merger-induced effects of airline route changes: Consumer welfare and the impact of market regulation policy (Doctoral dissertation, THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY). Gaughan, P.A., 2010. Mergers, acquisitions, and corporate restructurings. John Wiley Sons. Henrickson, K.E. and Wilson, W.W., 2016. The Convergence of Low-Cost and Legacy Airline Operations. John D. Bitzan, James H. Peoples, Wesley W. Wilson (ed.) Airline Efficiency (Advances in Airline Economics, Volume 5) Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 5, pp.355-375. Iatrou, K. and Oretti, M., 2016. Airline choices for the future: from alliances to mergers. Routledge. Nolan, J., Ritchie, P. and Rowcroft, J., 2014. International Mergers and Acquisitions in the Airline Industry. The Economics of International Airline Transport (Advances in Airline Economics, Volume 4) Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 4, pp.127-150. Terry, D.J., Carey, C.J. and Callan, V.J., 2001. Employee adjustment to an organizational merger: An intergroup perspective. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(3), pp.267-280.